Annotated Bibliography (fashion) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

(design) - Annotated Bibliography Example The organization makes light of her demise and denies that the model had a dietary issue. This article from the New York Times reports that numerous secondary young men that take steroids do it to improve their self-perception to pull in young ladies. It expresses that many are not associated with sports by any stretch of the imagination. This is significant in light of the fact that it evacuates the factor of the competitor utilizing them to upgrade a vocation. This article is proof that it is being finished by adolescents for vanity purposes as it were. The creator likewise records the high potential for various genuine reactions. This article will commend the Kroichick and Stephens article on a similar point. Kroichick, Ron, and Mitch Stephens. All the more High School Athletes Risking Steroid Use. San Francisco Chronicle 2 Nov. 2003. 19 Mar. 2007 . This article covers the quantity of secondary school understudies who are assessed to be taking steroids. It cites the main expert on steroid use in youngsters. It will connect to the Egan article to show the raising quantities of youngsters who take body improvement drugs. The Nowak article is a hotspot for the quantity of individuals who look for plastic medical procedure. It separates the numbers by sorts of medical procedure. It likewise provides details regarding the level of patients who experience the ill effects of a psychological issue. This will associate with the article in the American Journal of Epidemiology that reports high self destruction rates among plastic medical procedure patients.

Organizational Behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hierarchical Behavior - Research Paper Example It depicts that the people and gatherings of representatives do offer any impact over the authoritative workplace. It is completely worried about the shifted rising real factors in an association (Kreitner and Kinicki, 2009). In addition, OB is additionally portrayed as a human method, which is used to break down individual representative practices in a particular association. It totally focuses on the getting, determining and controlling human practices in an association. OB is the key aspect which is used to keep up and to upgrade the degree of relationship among the representatives of an association. It helps in legitimate sharing of various realities and data with each other bringing about improvement of their specialized information and abilities. It additionally upgrades the dedication and responsibility of the workers prompting expansion of efficiency and gainfulness of the association. Thus, it helps in progress of productivity and viability of both the worker and the associa tion (Kreitner and Kinicki, 2009). OB is likewise used as a logical device to pass judgment on the mental aptitudes and perspectives of the workers. It additionally centers around improving the profitability, declining non-appearance, upgrading returns, improving employment fulfillment and commitment. Along these lines, so as to improve these characteristics, OB uses efficient and composed investigation of the representative conduct. Consequently, it tends to be acknowledged that as OB is utilized to foresee representative brain research so it is otherwise called authoritative brain science (Kreitner and Kinicki, 2009). Conversation Due to globalization and industrialization, the significance of OB is getting progressively basic in each association. This is on the grounds that OB is required so as to adapt up to the changing nature and mentality of the representatives of the associations. OB can likewise be viewed as an instructive control which is worried about depicting, toleratin g, anticipating, and plotting singular conduct in an authoritative situation. It is done so as to enlarge hierarchical effectiveness alongside corporate picture. In addition, improvement in authoritative returns may likewise upgrade brand personality and uniqueness. As indicated by Kreitner and Kinicki (2009), OB is that part of study which helps in forecast of the representative disposition in an association. Therefore, it is likewise depicted as a human strategy used for singular advantage. What's more, OB likewise helps in improving between close to home connections in the midst of the laborers and the administration in an association. Thus, it encourages the administration to grasp the brain research of the individual workers which helps in lessening representative uneasiness and dissatisfaction. This may bring about upgrade of worker responsibility prompting hierarchical improvement (Kreitner and Kinicki, 2009). Besides, as associations are worked with people so viable usage of the representatives can just prompt achievement of a business undertaking. Hence, appropriate use of the laborers can be conceivable just if the directors motivate and invigorate them towards higher yield and better results. For this reason, OB is additionally depicted as the strategy of utilization of administrative abilities so as to explore the presentation of the laborers in a gathering inside an association (Brooks, 2006). OB is additionally determined as a method and a viable conduct science which assists with comprehension

Franklin D. Roosevelt and John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Speeches Essay

Proposition: Though they may be comparable, the distinctions are absolutely critical, the conditions of every one of their occasions, the adjustments in crowd, and the motivation behind their talks. Needs Inprovement on: Machanics-grammer,punctuation, spelling Style †word decision, convention, sentence structure â€Å"The just thing we need to fear†¦ is dread it self†¦Ã¢â‚¬ and â€Å"Ask not what your nation can accomplish for you†¦ approach what you can accomplish for your country.† Two of the most compelling statements of the twentieth century taken from their debut addresses, as they were going to set out on the Presidency of the United States of America. Previous President Franklin D. Roosevelt voiced the primary entry on March fourth, 1933 and late President John F. Kennedy voiced the second entry on January twentieth, 1961. Both debut talks came at significant occasions during American History and both offer likenesses and contrasts. In spite of the fact that they may be comparative, the distinctions are absolutely critical, the conditions of every one of their occasions, the adjustments in crowd, and the reason for their talks. Each can be deciphered it’s own way where they are. To begin, every discourse is introduced under various conditions during American history. Franklin D. Roosevelt is managing the downturn of the United States. His discourse comes when expenses have risen, the capacity to pay has fallen, and not exclusively is the American government confronted with limitation of salary, yet governments around the globe also. He discusses what number of ranchers can’t appear to discover a business opportunity for their produce and how the investment funds of thousands of families have evaporated. Generally significant of all he makes reference to a large group of jobless residents confronted with an actual existence and demise situation because of the present conservative circumstance. His administration thusly faces discouraging conditions all through this time. John F. Kennedy, at his preset time is managing the Cold War and other war like foes. He targets telling the whole planet that the United States has the ability to nullify all types of human neediness and all types of human life. It is possible that they can companion or adversary; the decision is up to them. He discusses how it doesn’t matter whether countries are with us or against us the objective is as yet the equivalent, freedom. He vows reliability to steadfast partners and demands a mission for harmony from the restriction before another war starts. The conditions as of now are vital and his position is that humanity should confront them together. The crowd has a conclusive part during these huge occasions. Roosevelt’s crowd is hunger, layered, and asking for change. Roosevelt perceives these things and he expresses gratitude toward God that it is just material thing, for example, cash, and homes that are affecting the country rather than sicknesses and starvation that could devastate our lifestyle. He addresses the individuals with compassion yet with the certainty that everything will be okay. That the dim days will merit all they cost and that it will instruct us that we will improve the circumstance and not for the most exceedingly awful. The residents at that point have something to anticipate and that there will be work again sooner rather than later. On account of Kennedy his crowd is the entire world. He tells them that America implies business. He talks with excitement that we are not scared of safeguarding our nation and in no way, shape or form are we going to withdraw. He feels that we ought to be battling with our genuine adversaries; oppression, neediness, illness and war itself. There ought to be no battling for thoughts, for example, socialism. The world should take a similar exclusive expectations of solidarity and penance that Americans so gladly battle for and battle themselves. Kennedy’s crowd is more centered around the goals of harmony than battling another war. Reason, together these addresses have a typical reason, to rouse. Anyway there is a qualification in Roosevelt’s discourse, his fundamental object is to persuade the nation into work, there by making work opportunities. He insists that it's anything but an incomprehensible issue and the legislature can manage it with by achieving incredibly required undertakings to invigorate and revamp the utilization of national assets. He communicates this all through the majority of his discourse. Offering inspiration to continue living, for there will be a wonderful future to anticipate. Therefore the motivation behind his discourse is in his statement â€Å"The just thing we need to fear†¦ is dread it’s self. Kennedy then again isn't just attempting to inspire the American individuals, yet the world also. The reason for his discourse is do announce a fresh start to call attention to his companions and adversaries. He offers an opportunity to all foes to begin over again looking for harmony. The odds for countries to consolidate and investigate the stars, vanquish the deserts, annihilate ailment, tap the sea profundities, and support human expressions and trade. He lets general society comprehend that what he is requesting won't be practiced during present time however it will and that the time has come to start the chain of occasions that will flourish later on. For the individuals as well as for their youngsters. Despite the fact that this he lets the country grasp that we should be joined in this interest and battle for what the nation accepts, â€Å"Ask not what your nation can accomplish for you†¦ approach what you can accomplish for your country.† To wrap up, both presidential debut addresses have their disparities yet the two of them get the comparative message over: motivation. Without talks, for example, these the American individuals would simply surrender and bite the dust or our just government may have disintegrated to the ground. Fortunate for us both debut addresses couldn’t have come at better occasions ever. Every one in their occasions, with the adjustments in crowd and there inconceivable reason to change sadness into trust. Subsequently the difference of Franklin D. Roosevelt and John F. Kennedy’s debut discourses, is of incredible significance and will be for a long time into the future.

Brasil & Europeans

In the frontier time of 1600, the Portuguese were the first among the Europeans to settle in Brazil. Around then, just local Indians and migrant clans were living in the zone. The Portuguese came not to control, vanquish or build up the nation rather they needed productive exchange and farming. Be that as it may, after three centuries the land was abused for the most part for wood, sugarcane, espresso beans and gold mining. Labor was given by both African and Indian slaves. Numerous Italians settled in Brazil after the blast in espresso production.Intermarriages between various ethnicities and societies made Brazil one of the most multi-refined nation on the planet. Most Brazilians have European, African, Amerindian, Asian and Middle Eastern precursors. Brazil picked up its autonomy from the Portuguese colonizers on September 7, 1822. In 1889, a military upset supported by the espresso industrialists drove the sovereign away from the nation. Espresso grower had incredible impact in B razil and for all intents and purposes ran the administration for the following 30 years. Brazil battled with military overthrows and financial flimsiness in those years.After three decades Fernando Coller de Mello was chosen in the primary popularity based decisions. He was expelled from office for his debasement. The capital of the nation is Brasilia and its present President is Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. The nation is administrative presidential delegate law based republic in which the President fills in as the head of state and head of government. The money of Brazil is the â€Å"real† (BRL). Brazil follows the Roman legitimate framework. It is a presidential vote based system since 1985. The voters of the nation had chosen not to reestablish the constititutional monarchy.Brazil is somewhat littler than the United States. It outskirts the Atlantic Ocean and situated in the East of South America. It is the biggest nation in South America. It has limits meeting with all the South American nations aside from Chile and Ecuador. The low-lying Amazon Rainforest is toward the North of Brazil and the south is home to ranchers and the agrarian base. The most elevated pinnacle of Brazil is Pico da Neblina. The biggest stream on the planet, the Amazon additionally moves through Brazil. The atmosphere changes in various districts from tropical to temperate.The region of Brazil is said to cover 8,514,876. 599 km2. This wide domain is part into twenty-six states and one government locale. All states are totally autonomous regarding their law-production, open security, government and tax collection. Brazil has profoundly organized agrarian, mining, assembling, and administration segments and its economy beats the economies of the other South American nations. In 1998, Brazil got a $41. 5 billion IMF-drove worldwide help program because of its enormous record deficits.In 1999, the Brazilian Central Bank announced that the money genuine would never again be pegged t o the US dollar. This degrading hindered the downturn and the nation saw slight monetary development. The development of the economy was under 2% in 2001 because of the high loan costs. Toward the finish of 2001 the nation increased a lot of financial specialist certainty. The economy in Brazil is supposed to be the â€Å"ninth biggest economy on the planet and tenth biggest at showcase trade rates†. (Wikipedia). The greatest obstructions to financial advancement are across the board organization, debasement, destitution and absence of education inside the Brazilian Government.. The administration intercedes and assumes the most significant job in the entirety of the country’s financial exercises. Brazil is as yet a recently industrializing nation (NIC) and most improvement has occurred in southeastern states, for example, Parana, Sao Paulo and Rio De Janeiro. The ventures are creating autos and parts, apparatus, hardware, steel, materials, shoes, concrete, amble, iron mineral, tin, petrochemicals, PCs, airplane, and shopper durables. Brazil has been driving in the elective vitality part. Power is being created through hydropower.It is sending out oil in spite of its little measure of oil saves. Inside the administration division, the traveler business is one of the greatest in Brazil. The Brazilian equity framework is horrendously moderate and shameful. Laws are adjusted for the rich. The legitimate framework has numerous defecicies. Numerous violations commited by Brazialians are gone after for just a restricted time length. When the specialists start thinking responsibly, it is past the point of no return. Sentences are frequently decreased by half for the violations commited at 70 years old. Brazil is likewise a significant accomplice for the European Union.It is a sanction individual from the UN and contributes troops for peacekeeping endeavors in Angola, East Timor, Middle East, Mozambique, Belgian Congo and Haiti. It is the main individual from the G-20 gathering of countries. The 170 million populace of Brazil comprise of a larger part of 53. 7% whites and 38. 5% multiracial individuals. Blacks, Asians, Amerindians are in insignifiant propotions. Portuguese is the most broadly communicated in and comprehended language in Brazil. Brazil follows for the most part Portuguese culture and conventions brought by the colonizers.The African Slaves enlivened the majority of Brazil's music, move, cooking, religion and language. Brazil has the biggest populace of Roman Catholics on the planet. Practically 50% of the yield of fiction, verse, and dramatization of South America originates from Brazilians. Carnaval is a mainstream yearly festival and vacation destination which is held for forty days to stamp the beginning of Lent. The music in Brazil is luxuriously enhanced with an assortment of music styles including samba, bossa nova, forro, frevo and numerous others. Film culture began in Brazil in the late nineteenth century.M any Brazilian movies, for example, Cidade de Deus and Carandiru have gotten universal basic praise. Sports uncommonly football are well known in Brazil. The Brazilain national footbal group has a tremendous neighborhood and interntional following. The group has won the FIFA world cup multiple times. Brazil’s most striking players are Pele, Ronaldo and Ronaldinho. Other well known games are capoeira and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Food is an impression of the racial blend of Brazil. The most well known dishes of Brazil are Feijoada, Caipirinha and Pao de Queijo and rice and beans are fundamental to each menu.Most Brazilians are in their mid-twenties while 34% are younger than fourteen. Brazil has quickly urbanized and practically 75% of the populace live in the urban regions. They are insufficient occupations in Brazil to help such an enormous populace which is the reason there is across the board joblessness. Unemployement was said to have arrived at 9. 8% in 2005 and 8 out of 10 ar e living in the profoundly populated urban focuses. The biggest populace of right around 11. 016. 703 individuals are found in the city of Sao Paulo. An enormous dominant part of individuals are frequently compelled to turn to road distributing, medicate hawking and prostitution.The populace in the provincial territories get less water and sanitation benefits when contrasted with urban regions. Numerous infectious ailments like cholera, bowel issues have risen because of absence of essential sanitation administrations. WORKS CITED: †¢ Brazil. † Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 23 Apr 2007, 11:43 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 24 Apr 2007 <http://en. wikipedia. organization/w/list. php? title=Brazil&oldid=125144285>. †¢ Brazil. CIA_The World Factbook. 2002. http://www. umsl. edu/administrations/govdocs/wofact2002/geos/br. html Brazil

2014 College Essay Prompts

2014 College Essay Prompts August 26 Weve got some 2014 college essay prompts to share with our readers. Curious to know what some of the 2014 college essay prompts are? Wonder no more because weve got some for you. Pomona College asks, What does freedom mean to you? We happen to think thats a very cool question. And how about West Points question?: Why will you be successful in working with leaders, peers, and subordinates of a gender, color, ethnicity, and/or religion different from your own?† It would have been nice if they had included sexual orientation, too, of course now that Dont Ask Dont Tell is an anachronism. Barnard asks, Pick one woman in history or fiction to converse with for an hour and explain your choice. What would  you talk about? Thats an essay a student can have a whole lot of fun with! Johns Hopkins asks: Johns Hopkins University was founded in 1876 on a spirit of exploration and discovery. As a result, students can pursue a multi-dimensional undergraduate experience both in and outside of the classroom. Given the opportunities at Hopkins, please discuss your current interests—academic or extracurricular pursuits, personal passions, summer experiences, etc.—and how you will build upon them here. Thats a Why You Want to Go to Johns Hopkins admissions essay. Lehigh University asks: What is your favorite riddle and why? Princeton asks: Tell us about a person who has influenced you in a significant way. A Tufts question reads: From Michelangelo to Mother Theresa, from Jackie Robinson to Elizabeth Bennett, the human narrative is populated by a cast of fascinating characters, real and imagined. Share your favorite and explain why that person or character inspires you. One can have a whole lot of fun with that question, too. And Williams asks: Imagine yourself in a tutorial at Williams. Of anyone in the world, whom would you choose to be the other student in the class, and why? Thats quite a fun one as well. Well share some more college essay prompts for the 2014-2015 admissions cycle in the weeks ahead. Its high  time to write your college essays!

Motivates Employees Essay - 3025 Words

Motivates Employees (Essay Sample) Content: MOTIVATES EMPLOYEES(Name)(Course)(Institution)(Professors Name)Date AbstractUnderstanding what motivates employees is necessary in all stages of the management (Berger Berger, 1999). Motivation is mainly associated with reward, and it is usually recognized that reward system and management remains central in the regulation of employee relationship. The reward management system often varies in different organization and come in concrete forms including tangible or intangible, monetary or non monetary, and psychological or physical. The incentives are offered to the workforce as compensation in a view to appreciate their productive efforts. An effective and productive rewarding system serves as key strategic purposes of motivating, retaining, and attracting workers to achieve the set goals. A formalized and legalized corporate rewarding system is essential because it appeals to skilled and capable workforce to fill various positions in different organization. This meth od helps in retaining workers in the organization thus maintaining a firm and stable workforce using an acceptable turnover rate.It is through an efficient reward system that employees are motivated to execute their responsibilities and duties to their personal capacities. Organizations that employ an efficient reward system that is exemplified by the organization chain of command structures of organization achieve their aim with ease. A rewarding system must incorporate a team based structure and methodology where employees have control over their responsibilities. For instance, employees have the discretion to make and exercise their own personal judgment while making decision thus feel as part of the organization. Managers are also expected to employ current technological advancements through the introduction of incentive programs for their employees. In U.S Ford is typical organization where the executive uses the internet for developing incentive programs for workers motivatio n and award selection. It is evidenced that online oriented workforce motivation has numerous benefit, which are advantageous for organization and employee.IntroductionIn 1943, Maslow Abraham identified the Hierarchy of Needs Theory of human motivation. Maslow theory of needs is a framework mostly utilized by managers of different organization since it offers and presents sound insight in respect to human resource satisfaction and human behavior. Maslows theory classifies human needs into five categories, which include safety, esteem, self actualization, social, and physiological (Parker McAdams Zielinski, 2000). Human needs are arranged in ascending hierarchical order with self actualization needs at the top and psychological needs at the bottom. Maslow argues that lower level needs (psychological) needs are the most pressing and generic as their fulfillment and the requirement is essential for human survival. Maslow theory of needs is employed by organizations to fulfill workers needs by motivating to being productive. Maslow theory is applied by organization management in the reward system. When integrating Maslow theory of needs, managers should be cautious and consider that the safety and psychological needs are directly and indirectly fulfilled. Their fulfillment comes in the form of indirect factors i.e. compensation of salaries, benefits, and promotions. Psychological factors of reward focus on the self actualization, esteem, and social level of employees needs. It is worth noting that for reward to take effect three conditions must be met by employees. Employees performance expectancy, outcome expectancy, and reward valence must be greater than zero.This paper addresses numerous management related topic that guides management in resolving internal related problems. Analysis of these questions (topics) is approached from a consultant point of view. The topics include leadership versus management, compensation philosophies: entitlement versus perform ance philosophy, performance management: linking rewards to performance, legal and effective performance appraisal processes, and keys to carrying out an effective appraisal interview.Compensation Philosophies: Entitlement versus Performance PhilosophyCompensation philosophies have prevailed in most organizations for decades. The problem with compensation philosophies is that in the past, organizations adopted philosophies, which sounded like apple and motherhood. Presently, most compensation programs outline an intention to retain, motivate and attract top talents. The same programs are designed in a manner to align with shareholder and executive interests. Organizations are expected to accomplish objectives, but there lacks competitive advantage embracing similar compensation philosophies. An effective and efficient compensation philosophy should provide and outline guidance, which helps in driving strategy execution. Achieving this end requires the management grounding the philos ophy in the organizations mission to reflect the talent needs and strategic imperatives. Checking management related issues involve having philosophies that are consistent with the organizations shared values, operating styles, culture, and compensation history. In the current organizational environment, resolving internal conflicts involve reexamination of organizational compensation philosophies. Managers should design programs after engaging in a robust discussion that weighs the compensation requirements of the employees. Developing and creating a compensation philosophy program, which is responsive to organizational strategies contributes to a productive and strong performance relationship. Further, a responsive compensation philosophy program makes workforce feel a sense of entitlement and encourages decision making process that is mutually agreed upon. A compensation philosophy that addresses emerging challenges must consider the total compensation to be positioned, the balan ce between long-term and annual focus, and the organizations talent needs.Hesketh (1996) is of the view that entitlement philosophy usually assumes that people who have worked for a longer time in the organization should have their salaries increased without considering performances differences. Issues that arise from this perception must be resolved by adopting compensation policy that reflects individual productive differences. Further, entitlement in compensation considers the seniority basis of the employees, raising pay scale annually, and interval comparison of industrial compensation. Compensation in most organizations must be related and linked to organizational strategies and objectives. The managers in the organization are expected to balance the costs and interests of the organization with employees expectations. Linking a compensation program with rewarding system must ensure there is legal compliance with rule and regulations, and the system derives performance in the o rganization. Compensation remains critical in the organization since it affects ways in, which people apply for the job in one company over the other. Therefore, the management should ensure that the rewarding system is reasonably competitive and offers a wide range of incentives so as to hire and keep a competitive labor force. It is imperative for the management to view compensation decision strategically since most organizations funds are used for compensation of different activities. In regard to the entitlement philosophy, the internal management often gives automatic pay increase to employee after a given period of years. The increment in most cases remains the same percentage and the internal management should consider rewarding employees who have committed their lives and efforts for a longer period. Entitlement philosophy helps the internal management to adjust employees benefits and incentives to match the current economic conditions (Lamb, 2008). By making such considerat ions, the management succeeds in avoid strikes and go-slow that often happen if the employees remuneration requests are ignored. Performance philosophy hardly guarantees increase in compensation following stuffs longer period of service in the organization. Rather, individual efforts serve the basis for compensation increase; thus, the internal management should strive towards motivating hard works, which in return yield to satisfactions and productivity.Performance Management: Linking Rewards to PerformanceLinking of rewards to performance may take three dimensions the unit performance, individual performance, and accomplishment of the companys strategic direction. Employees compensation is linked and merged with their productivity and achievement (Decker Sullivan, 1992). Therefore, it is imperative for the management to avoid constant wrangles and conflicts that may arise by employing a policy of level reward system. In the level rewards system, compensation or reward that takes the form of money, share, promotions, financial incentives, material good favors, and compliment. This should be awarded to individuals, team work, or the entire department. Attaining success at one level is not sufficient and therefore, the management must device mechanism through, which all the departments in the organization are made productive so as to promote the companys growth and success. Level reward system, as used by the management helps in linking employee performances with their financial growth and personal careers. Professor Mackenzie a leading expert on organizational design and leadership defines 29 different leadership practices that are critical for the success of the organization. Competitive advantage is often attained once the organization aligns itself with its future goals and vision. A good, rewarding system that...

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Is Equality Making Us Sick - 1858 Words

If I were to tell you that based on your economic standpoint in life that in its self could help determine the future of your health, would you believe me or call me absurd? A recent documentary called â€Å"Is Equality Making Us Sick† takes a strong argument to show that the life you grow up in or even build for yourself can determine such a factor that seems only fitting for God to decide. This factor is called social determinants of health, meaning that based on your access to income and education this will help determine your life span (Unnatural causes). Social, as well as income inequality will be what puts you on your death bed faster or slower and is a matter that shall not be taken lightly. So, how is it in a country as flourished as The United States can we face such an issue? A country where we have the highest growth domestic product (Washington Post, year), a country where our athletes prove us again and again that we are on top of the world, beating record after record. After all this, how can we still be so inclined that our health is not at its’ prime game, as it should be? Has our competition with the rest of the world belittle us and blinded us with our own corners of the world. The harsh reality is that the United States lead 30th in life expectancy and our overall life expectancy is just shy of 78 years (Unnatural Causes/put publication and year for documentary citation). This has to do with the opportunities we give our citizens and their limits; limits suchShow MoreRelatedEssay On Social Equality In To Kill A Mockingbird1100 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Equality is Missing. Please Return, If Found â€Å"We hold these truths to be self - evident that all men are created equal, and they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.† This is a famous line that Thomas Jefferson wrote in the Declaration of Independence in 1776. 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The Clinical Manifestations And Pathophysiology Of Type 1...

For the purpose of this report we will consider the clinical scenario of Ava, and comprehensively discuss the conditions she has been diagnosed with in regards to negative feedback loops, the clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of type 1 Diabetes, an understanding of autoimmunity and how Grave’s disease identifies as autoimmune in nature, and how it also presents in Serum laboratory testing. Ava is a 15-year-old girl that has presented to hospital with a history of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Grave’s disease. She has been unwell for 3 days with a viral illness so her father has brought her to the emergency department. She has an elevated blood glucose level, glycosuria, polydipsia and elevated blood ketones. Diabetes Mellitus The type 1 Diabetes that Ava lives with differentiates from type 2 Diabetes in that it is characterized by the complete autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic Beta (B) cells that produce and secrete Insulin in the Islet’s of Langerhans (Craft Gordon, 2015, pg253). By contrast, type 2 Diabetes is a combination of B cell destruction, B cell dysfunction, and insulin resistance (Turner Wass, 2009, pg803). The Beta cells of a non-Diabetic person would rapidly respond to glucose, however in type 1 Diabetes antibodies are produced against the body’s own B cells and consequently all the Islets are destroyed (Montague, 1983, pg50 and Craft Gordon, 2015, pg253). 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Bipolar Disorder Symptoms And Symptoms - 831 Words

Bipolar Disorder Definition A disorder associated with mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs. Formerly called manic depression. When a client becomes depressed, he or she may feel sad or hopeless and lose interest or pleasure in most activities. Bipolar disorder is a disruptive long-term condition, clients can keep his or her mood swings in check by following a strict treatment plan. Causes Biological differences: people with bipolar disorder appear to have physical changes in his or her brain; Neurotransmitters: an imbalance in naturally occurring brain chemical called neurotransmitters seem to play a significant role in bipolar disorders and other mood disorders; Inherited traits: more common in people who have a first†¦show more content†¦Treatment Initial treatment- start taking medications to balance mood immediately; continued treatment- lifelong treatment even when he or she feels better; day treatment programs- provide support and counseling to get feelings under control; substance abuse programs- difficult to manage bipolar disorder with other problems; hospitalization- getting psychiatric help at a hospital can help keep the client calm and safe and stabilize his or her mood Medications Mood Stabilizers: Lithium (Lithobid), valproicacid (Depakene), dival proex sodium (Depakote), carbamazepine (Tegretol), Lamstrigine (Lamictal) Antipsychotics: Olanzapine (Zyprexa), Risperidone (Risperdal), Quetiapine (Seroquel), Ariprazoe (Abilify), Ziprasidone (Geodon), Lurasidone (Latuda), Asenapine (Saphris) Anti-Depressants: Vortioxetine (Brintellix), Imipramine (Tofranil) Nortriptyline (Pamelor) Antianxiety: Benzodiazepines Psychotherapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy: identifying

Zeitgeist Addendum free essay sample

Zeitgeist Addendum is a documentary that shows a revolution among crisis in the United States. The make which is Peter states that â€Å"a man is still as you are still brutal, aggressive, violent , competitive and a virus in the society†. Why is there such man who gives problems in the society? In United states, they are surrounded with many institutions: Political institutions, legal institutions, religious institutions and even occupational specialization that influence our understandings in the society. These institutions are made because of a system that we don’t take for granted which is, the monetary system . Taking in religious proportion, they established the monetary institution as one of the unquestionable faith there is: How money is governed, how money is created and how it truly affects the society which gives the interests of majority in the population. According in Zeitgeist, it shows that the, the banking system in the United States experience inflation. We will write a custom essay sample on Zeitgeist Addendum or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The â€Å"money created in the bank ends up in the bank† as Peter said. It means that the people under the banking system have their own process of money which is a secret to the people. In some ways, the religion could have a role in this issue, because we all know that religion is a big factor that can influence ones thinking. You tried to do things that you aren’t aware of. People put their Gods in problems like money that’s why people who don’t believe in God are too confident to do a crime that will affect people. They say that religion is a lie that put as under a command. In my own opinion, We must not put God into place when we have problems because he was the one who created us that’s why we are here. He made us to be as one. But it seems like there are bo9undaries between the authorities and the people. In the world where â€Å"34000 children die a day because of poverty and preventable diseases, and where 50% of the world’s population lives with a tleast $2/day† it clearly shows that something is wrong. We don’t want to see people suffer from hunger and poverty, and whether we are aware of it or not, the main problem of the established institutions and the society itself is money. It can be applied either way depending on social and political factors. The desire for profit is merely the desire to be compensated for our labor, our creativity, our knowledge, or even for our risk. Without profit, very little would be accomplished in the world – not even if everyone spent a few years in labor camps to be re-educated. It is a basic part of man’s nature and is the mainspring of human. Zeitgeist addendum showed 3 problems that signifies not only the USA but other countries also as a lie. That we are living under a government that is proven to corrupt the moneys we have. Believing a lie religion that commands us to follow what it states. I am convinced this thing was specifically made to stop the liberty movement from achieving anything. It puts in just enough truths that we believe in to trick people into following the wrong path. References: Cynapse (2008, October 12). Zeitgeist Addendum.

Architectural Project and the Legal Contract

Question: Describe about the Architectural Project and the Legal Contract. Answer: Scallop and Bob Introduction to the scenario The Australian coastal reef and waters support a voluminous amount of different species of scallops. These scallops are primarily dived for in the seasons of may and serve to be a great business venture for many Australian divers, however the industry has been facing different backdrops because sudden drop in the plankton species over the years in the rivers and oceans. The government feels the protection of marine life to be the utmost priority in order to stabilize the economical conditions of the country whereas also making sure to cater to the needs of the aquatic life. The scallops are primarily celebrated as a huge captivating dish in Australian cuisines and for these purposes it has been adopted to be commercially dived and recreationally dived as well by different people. The licenses have been issued and made compulsory for every scallop diver and without this the activity would be considered completely illegal. The enforced stipulation of all these laws increase the amount of the species prevailing in the water but however deals with another key issue which is that people who feel that they can catch much more of the scallops are restricted to work under such conditions and hence the case of Bob has risen. Issue Analysis The main issue which surrounds different people and particularly in this situation is that Bob wants to open a company which would allow him to dive for more than the prescribed amounts set by the Authorities but however he faces the ambiguity because of many legal constraints which either makes this activity to be allowed or not (Townley Riazi 2014). Applied Law The fisheries department of Australia has made a relevant code of conduct for all commercial and recreational divers in the year 1999 which makes it easy for all the divers to take part in this activity by different restrictions such as The Biodiversity act and Environmental protection act passed out by the department (Rui 2015). Speculative of Application The law when applied to different amounts of constraints and boundaries simply reveals that how scallop diving is not entirely focused on the protection of the species but also the protection of the market influx and profits earned by selling these scallops to different outsourced companies found outside Australia. The code of conduct however has specific modulations which depict how the diving should be done by licensee holders (Reilly 2014). The necessary handpicked activity requires diving kits and different Scuba gears which are compulsory. Justified Arguments The following arguments have been compiled under the law and therefore will be dealing with justifying in my opinion that how a particular person or Bob in this case is certainly allowed to not only own a company but also expand his business in the outside world. The law ensures that a single license holder can only facilitate a single boat while diving for scallops and the boat should have at least two people with further permits to carry out the act. If Bob is successful in recruiting more than 5 people to accompany him and coherently form a single company which could not only operate as individuals but the other way around. This would therefore ensure that the companys catch depending on the individual would be more than 50 tons a year. The Australian rules and regulations allow the divers to sell their catches outside Australia if any excess amounts remain, the quota when fulfilled by selling the companys catches to the Marketing agents, Bob could manage to send his catch outside and thus earn more than what he earned single handedly before. Conclusion The concluded arguments for all these efforts in my personal opinion is that by law and on strict technical grounds, the law allows Bob to make a company and increase his catch because in the end it is about how every diver wishes to spend his catch and earn the money. The company can be made commercialized with further innovations to its working as there are only 5-6 commercial companies working for scallops in Australia, the existence of these companies show that how the law makes sure that all companies work under a guided rules and moral conducts. New Nirvana and Nuclear Blast Sounds Introduction to the scenario The New Nirvana band has been operating under different Australian company laws since their emergence. The band has been a center of different companies joined together and wholly owned subsidiaries companies working to ensure not only quality concerts but an ideal business venture which supports the band in their concerts and other endeavors. Issue Analysis The key issue which needs to be addressed today in this particular article is that the Nuclear Blast sounds have been made to operate all different concerts of New Nirvana and the technical equipment set ups for the band as well. In a particular concert however, the company had taken the measures to be extreme when they accidently arranged the speaker volumes to high levels, as soon as the music started playing, the people who were near the speakers had injuries to their hearing capabilities and ears (McKendrick 2014). The key issue is that Nuclear Blast sounds may be an independent company but it is a subsidiary company which means that it has no legal insurance policies which might support the claim of the people. The main issue is now to advise the people of their next step which might help them in dealing with these two companies. Applied Law for the situation The law in my opinion which best describes this situation to the public who are generally unaware of how corporation work is the Act of Corporation which was drafted by the Australian Bureau in 2001 clearly states that all subsidiary companies which take part in the profit share which amounts up to around almost one third of the profits will be held liable in all legal constraints and framework when faced by any of the mix of all companies (Martin 2016). Speculative Application of the law The wholly owned subsidiary companies under the corporation act will all be held under the liability when a single company of the entire mix faces any difficulties. This is because even though the companies may be under different ambits and names, the parent company still holds all the rights towards maintaining the stability of these companies so that they may work more efficiently while still having the right to make their own developmental plans. Justified Arguments The following arguments will justify my opinion of how the public can essentially sue the band and yet still receive different re enactments to how the law will deal with this problems. The First argument goes entirely against the parent company as well as New Nirvana which further cements the case of the public. The New Nirvana signed up with Nuclear Blast even though by knowing that the company did not have any back up plans initiated in forms of insurance (Lebovits 2016). A wholly owned subsidiary company by definition and by law strictly operates under a framework which provides that the company has its public and separate identity in the world, but in fact only works as a child company from a larger parent company which has all the shots and stakes at the companys decisions. Since Nuclear Blasts is one of the wholly owned company, the parent company would then be responsible for the all the legal lawsuits coming in from the public (Liao 2013). Conclusion The above said arguments also help us to conclude that the public can therefore file for a lawsuit against New Nirvana as they would be entitled to pay for all medical charges which are required by the patients. This would increase the chances of the public to get reassured for all their problems and damages because by law they are automatically entitled to file for different law suits to the company owners, and especially the ones which are working in offshore places and are known as Parent companies. These parent companies have the skill of supporting all their subsidiary companies from the core with the proper execution of plans and development while also providing different amount of finances to the people (Ibrahim et al. 2015). Solicitor and Millennium Introduction to the scenario The facilitation provided by all different attorneys and solicitors working for firms provide the entire support system to the company and helps it to become independent while making decision without defying any kind of law. These solicitors are responsible for drafting different policies for the company while making investments in different fields. Since Bob was hired as a property lawyer, it makes more sense for him to be at his optimal level and provide support. However the problem arises often when companies are faced with different charges from their own lawyers in form of law suits which can be initiated by a number of problems, one such problem has been discussed below. Issue Analysis The issue here is completely on ethical levels whereas considering professionalism and other moral codes involved in a company. Bob is a property solicitor who had been working with his friend in a company for years and was especially appointed because of his skills and knowledge in the field of his work, However soon the owners decided to let go of Bob by hiring another person who was equally profane about working for the company, this joyous occasion was however over ruled and berated by bob himself who subjected the company in a lawsuit whereas the company owners now face problems on how to escaping from this particular problem (Frankel 2016). Applied Law The Australian Moral Code of conduct for different solicitors to follow who are practicing law in the country defines different moral constraints and regulations which can be used in defining and also giving enough reason to the people for eliminating any particular lawyer from the firm. The first and foremost law which can be used is the article 4 which says that the solicitor must be always in the best interest of the company. The section 5 states that the solicitor can at all time are removed from the firm when the company feels that he has proved to be incapable of providing good services to the company (Fadda Tridico 2014). Speculative Application of the Law The Millennium company owners can use all these articles in their favor when Bob makes them appear in the court by providing not only the different evidences of Bobs incapability and the defiance of the moral code of conducts. Arguments for the law The arguments which can be stated in order to free the company of their legal standing in this case are as below. The first and foremost argument is that the company if did not wanted to extend Bobs contract because they felt that he was incapable of supplying the company with quality service and under section 5 of the law they were completely legally entitled to remove him from the firm on the basis of not only his performance but also his acts (Bordeleau Blanger 2014). The second argument which can be compiled and show that how Millennium owners act can be justified is that Bobs direct involvement of the court and the law suit whereas ignoring the clause of the arbitrator in his contract puts him in the direct violation of the moral codes and article six of the book for bringing shame to the companys name (Chan 2013). Conclusion The above made conclusions help the company to establish themselves as completely justified and under the ambit of law for removing the ex solicitor and even without a prior notice. These arguments help the firm to establish themselves as the victims who were facing different amounts of problems from their solicitor who was not up to par and when he was appointed as a property lawyer, while also considering the different amounts of investments of the companies in these properties which could potentially damage all their business if their lawyer was incapable of handling the jobs in the later stages of the work. References Bordeleau, A. and Blanger, A., 2014. Art, architecture and law: the architectural project and the legal contract as social artefacts.Architecture_MPS,4(3), pp.1-18. Chan, C.H.C., 2013. Knowledge sharing and opportunism in new product development: the impacts of contract, commitment and trust. Fadda, S. and Tridico, P., 2014. Flexibility and productivity: the case of the labour supply contract agreement in Italy.QA Rivista dellAssociazione Rossi-Doria. Frankel, T., 2016. A Story of Three Bank-Regulatory Legal Systems: Contract, Financial Management Regulation and Fiduciary Law.University of Bologna Law Review,1(1), pp.91-105. Ibrahim, N., Asuhaimi, F.A., Abd Ghadas, Z.A. and Zakariah, A.A., 2015. The Application of Contract Law Principles in Domestic Contracts.Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences Humanities,23. Lebovits, G., 2016. Making Offers No One Can Refuse: Effective Contract DraftingPart II. Gerald Lebovits, The Legal Writer, Making Offers No One Can Refuse: Effective Contract DraftingPart II, 88. Liao, Z., 2013. Intention to Create Legal Relations and the Reform of Contract Law: A Conservative Approach in the Modern Global Era.Beijing L. Rev.,4, p.82. Martin, P., 2016. Contract law: When changes to the law: Affect rights under contract.LSJ: Law Society of NSW Journal, (22), p.86. McKendrick, E., 2014.Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK). Reilly, R.F., 2014. The Valuation of Contract-Related Intangible Assets.American Bankruptcy Institute Journal,33(9), p.22. Rui, X., 2015. The Legality of Valuation Adjustment Mechanism Contract with Target Company Being Counterparty.Securities Market Herald,5, p.013. Townley, A. and Riazi, M., 2014. Analysis of authentic legal negotiation: Implications for teaching contract negotiation to undergraduate law students.International Journal of Language Studies,8(4).

New Age spiritualities

Introduction For a long time in human history, organized religions have put a lot of emphasis on the forms of worship and discipline on their followers. Lack of a room for questioning has lead to what can be described as blind following.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on New Age spiritualities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most of the worshippers do not understand the essence of what is being worshipped (Wuthnow, 2004, p. 160).people`s religious or spiritual code of beliefs and the evidenced rites are observable reflection of the personal true or perceived right faith. The result of this is the emergence of a sectarian perception (Walker 2007, p. 219. This kind of thinking poses a great danger of religious violence and sectarian wars. It is becoming essentially vital for all the faiths to be reconciled top reduce the variance in the religious views across the globe. Despite the justification for the dif ferent faiths, human living in harmony with one another is an essential path that all beings would like to pursue. The major challenge though is how to harmonize the diversity. Religion Religion has and continues to play a crucial role as far as human development and civilization is concerned (Clark, 2006, p. 443). The exists differences in dimensions in human spirituality and other aspects such as the metaphysical speculative line of thought, the practice of the rituals and rites, the modern philosophical mode of ethics and the existing myths of imaginations that have taken the lead in the history of mankind. In its role as a myth elaborator and a foundation of ethical and social norms, Religion could be said to be the bedrock upon which all human civilizations are built (Bloom, 2005, p 77). Religious beliefs, theories and practices have acted as the fabric that binds the society together. It has also given man tools to live orderly and ethically. It acts like a framework that help s humans to make meaning out of life (Enroth, 2005, p. 135). Religion and New Age All over the world and particularly in western countries; Christians often come into contact with varied aspects of the â€Å"New Age† phenomenon. Majority of the people feel the need to understand how best to approach situations which at times is so alluring, complicated, elusive and even, disturbing. In so doing Christians attempt to address two objectives.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These generally give some pointers to the aspects of the new age developments that may be considered to be inconsistent with the fundamental elements of the Christian life or the Christianity as the religion in principle. It is agreeable that the differences are very clear and it is essential to address the variance that arise so that the religious foundations is streamlined and maintained to serve the fundamental purpose in human history. The following discussion is in support of the notion that New Age spiritualities are more suited to contemporary western life than the established, collective religions. The argument agrees to the fact that New Age approach is well-suited to the modern society, as it enables people to practice spirituality while avoiding the collective bondages imposed by the great world religions. Culture and the â€Å"New Age† â€Å"New Age† has been indicated as a very coherent current of thought. Also as a deliberate challenge to modern culture. It has also being argued to capture the diverse structure that includes the many diverse elements that human life is made up with. This is believed to be able to allow the individuals to share their interests with those who would be interested in subscribing to their views in various aspects of life. The degrees of commitments to various faiths are also seen to vary from one individual to anot her and across the various classes of people. New Age† religion can be viewed as a response to people’s religious concerns, needs and queries. This is an attempt of people to discover and rediscover a spiritual dimension in their lives. The New age religion takes into account the differences in people character, and genuine opinion about many things in life. Especially when it comes to the search of meaning and purpose of life , it is believed that many people are still struggling to make the very sense of existence and the new age religion aims at addressing such discrepancies. There is also very clear distinction between religion and spirituality in this line of thought. In many occasions, organized religion has been rejected on the basis that it has failed in their judgment to answer their needs. As a result they have sought to find spirituality elsewhere. At the core perceptions of â€Å"New Age† is the belief is the belief that some religious perceptions hav e been overtaken by time the time so that reference to it as a religion would be self-defeating to its own self-understanding. New-Age, However, can be considered in the broader context of esoteric religiousness, whose appeal continues to grow (Jelen, 2006, p. 343).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on New Age spiritualities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The New Age movement is considered as an amorphous association of people who not most feel that â€Å"humanity is at the dawn of entering into a new form of consciousness†. Those who adhere and also associate with the â€Å"new age† have similar characteristics that may encompass the type of spiritual syncretism and there will to seek what they believe to be truth and the peace. Although a difficult spiritual development concept to understand and portray, as a religion of co modification (Bowman, 2008, p 156). With it merges with several med ical or psychological methods meditation, such as acupuncture, homeopathy,aromatherapy, astrology, environmentalism, Hermetic practice, Esoteric Christianity and Goddess Worship. this protean mix of nuance and the bizarre, the New Age itself remains among the more difficult of contemporary spiritual developments to comprehend and portray, but as a â€Å"religion of commoditization,† it parlays with any number of alternative medical or psychological methods ranging from (Campbell 2007, p. 255) . Campbell (2007, p. 278) adds that beneath the popular image of New Age, are antecedents derived from venerable aspects, called â€Å"cultic milieu.† . New Age arises from these settings. The concept inherits practice of channeling spirits from other dimensions’ it is also characterized by belief which associates illness and poverty as either illusions or diseases of the mind. It also borrows the understandings of karma and reincarnation (Tucker, 2007, p. 239). The â€Å" cultic milieu† incorporates esoteric and non-mainstream ideas borrowed from the East and blended with occult and pagan from the western countries Why Secularism? Secularism can be regarded as the foundation of modern civilization. Secularism goes beyond separating religion from state institutions (Karner, 2004, p. 30). In general terms, the concept is cognizant of the fact the affairs affecting a state are too important to be pegged upon the whims of ancient myths and superstitions (Geoffroy, 2004, p. 35). History acknowledges that, technological advancement is owed to the concept of secularism. Scientific development, which has led to all technical and economic benefits, is a product of increasing secularism. Geoffrey ( 2004, p. 36) further observes that secularism was the proven solution to centuries of religious conflict in Europe. Secularism has brought far reaching benefits. However, Tucker (2007, p. 238) asserts that this legacy seems to have been forgotten and suggests the need for learning. These days are long gone, but the sectarian consequences of our over indulgence of religious schools will be felt well into the future. Religious strictness has also acted as the major hindrance to economic growth of some economies across the globe and this has resulted in economic backwardness. Based on this premise, Ataturk, the victorious general at Gallipoli, abolished the Caliphate in favour of secularism on Turkey.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Provisions in the Turkish constitution, strongly mandates secularism while excluding any religious influence on legislation (Johnston, 2007, p. 39). Coincidentally, such countries don’t seem to have. In most cases, the religious laws cannot be amended by the elected law makers. In this case, democracy is elusive. It is no wonder efforts to establish democracy in Iraq has proved an exercise in futility. With such laws in place, Iraq is doomed to sectarian strife, oppression and endless economic and social deprivation. Apart from Iraq, politicians in many other parts of the world seem to be advancing their religious credentials. They seem to ignore the realization that populations have become less religious. The answer to this paradox is embedded in the nature of globalization and multiculturalism which has played a key role resolving conflicts among Judaism, Christianity and Islam (Marler, 2002, p. 297). Abandoning of secularism, especially amongst political elites, may b infl uenced by complex causes, but the outcomes are unbearable. Religion and religiousness would not have been contentious issues, if societies were more culturally homogenous (Kellner, 2002, p. 150). There would be no threat to cultural sensitivities. However, the world and even countries have become more ethnically diverse. , The ethos of multiculturalism is therefore necessary to achieve a sustainable tolerance and to support development of the minorities (Secor, 2002, p. 122). Social cohesion is realized through acceptance cultural diversity. Nevertheless, multiculturalism tends to undermine religions-considered as the cultural phenomena. Multi-cultureless has placed religious cultural effects beyond question. The result is that, religion has been shielded from the rational assessment as it was in the past. Conclusion Despite the many beliefs that quickly be placed under the general fabric of â€Å"New Age,† as a religious perspective, New Age is regarded as a shared attempt t o understand what constitutes the world, humanity and the supernatural and the relationships between them in ways that give meaning to participants’ lives and help them determine what is valuable within some sort of workable framework. The driving force behind New Age is the increasing awareness in today’s world of individual difference and cultural multiplicity which recognizes that religious choice is a personal decision. It is also worth mentioning that religious truth is no longer the monopoly of private elites or esoteric cabals, New Age religion may be said to represent a democratization of spirituality within the emergent. References Bloom, William, ed. Holistic Revolution, 2005.: The Essential New Age Reader. London: Allen Lane/Penguin. Bowman, Robert M., Jr. Orthodoxy and Heresy: A Biblical Guide to Doctrinal Discernment. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2008. Explains simply, for those with no theological background, the importance of discerning orthodox from heretical t eaching and sets forth a broad evangelical approach to doing so. Campbell, Colin B. â€Å"The Cult, the Cultic Milieu and Secularization.† In Michael Hill, ed. A Sociological Yearbook of Religion in Britain 5. London: SCM Press, 2007, 119–36. Clark, Peter B., ed. Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements. New York: Routledge, 2006. 700-page secular academic reference work. Enroth, Ron, ed. A Guide to New Religious Movements. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2005. Brief, up-to-date chapters on JWs, Mormons, Unification Church, Hinduism, the New Age movement, the Dalai Lama, Neopaganism, Baha’i, and the Nation of Islam Geoffroy, Martin 2004. ‘Theorizing Religion in the Global Age: A Typological Analysis’. International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, 18(1):33-46. Jelen, Ted G. 2006. ‘Religion and politics in the United States: Persistence, limitations and the prophetic voice.’ Social Compass, 53(3): 329-43. Johnston, Jerry. Similarities and Differences of Non-Christian Belief Systems. Overland Park, KS: Jerry Johnston Publishing, 2007. Megachurch pastor provides information and analysis of heretical Christian sects, world religions, and other movements. Karner, Christian Aldridge, Alan 2004. ‘Theorizing Religion in a Globalizing World’. International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, 18(1):5-32. Kellner, Douglas 2002. ‘September 11, Social Theory and Democratic Politics’. Theory-Culture-Society, 19(4): 147-159. Marler, Penny Long and C. Kirk Hadaway 2002. â€Å"‘Being religious’ or ‘being spiritual’ in America: a zero-sum proposition?† Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41(2):289-300. Secor, Anna 2002. ‘Islamist politics: Antisystemic or post-modern movements?’ Geopolitics, 6 (3):117-34. Tucker, Ruth A. Another Gospel: Alternative Religions and the New Age Movement. Grand Rapids: Zondervan—Academie, 2007. Evangelical historian’s textbook is strongest on historical exposition of the origins and people involved in each religion Walker, James K., with the staff of Watchman Fellowship. The Concise Guide to Today’s Religions and Spirituality. Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 2007. Short definitions or descriptions for some 1600 entries of groups, authors, practices, doctrines, Wuthnow, Robert 2004. ‘Presidential address 2003: The challenge of diversity.’ Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 43(2):159-70. This research paper on New Age spiritualities was written and submitted by user Ashton Marsh to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Global Regents Thematic Essay Examples

Global Regents Thematic Essay ExamplesSample Global Regents Thematic Essay examples include topics that would represent unique experiences of graduate students at various campuses. A focus on current events would be a good idea, as well as experiences that had happened in the recent past and ones that will still be happening in the future.Many global regents thematic essay examples are also designed to focus on global issues and challenges. An example might be 'What if China was to declare war on the United States?' or 'What is the difference between global warming?'Global Issues Thematic essays often contain global topics. Topics can include: climate change, terrorism, China's growing influence on the world, trade disputes, and political corruption.Specific Topics Thematic essay examples might be related to a specific area. Some examples of specific issues might include 'The Unbelievable Humanitarian Crisis in Syria'What is Terrorism?' Global issues also might also be linked to spec ific regions of the world.Global Challenges Thematic essays can also contain global challenges and opportunities. Global challenges include such things as: 'The Global Challenge of Climate Change.' But global challenges also might include other regional or global topics, such as 'What if Africa were to get involved in the Syrian Civil War?'Global Systems It may be a challenge to write about global systems or processes. However, it may be necessary to do so. Global systems could include: 'The World Wide Web.'Global issues can be closely linked to other issues, topics, or events that happen at a particular campus. For example, one might write an essay about the recent scandals involving drunkenness at Princeton University, but would also have to make sure that the campus was safe and would not be effected by similar issues at the other campuses.Global Regents Thematic Essay examples are meant to be used as inspiration for writers looking to create global issues and challenges for thei r own graduate school project. They are also a good place to start when trying to craft an original, meaningful term paper.

The United States and Manifest Destiny essays

The United States and Manifest Destiny essays During the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the United States saw many problems come and go. Some problems were more important than others. However, all led to the further division of American politics. The most divisive issue in American politics during this time frame was the idea of Manifest Destiny or territorial expansion. Manifest Destiny was the idea that it was the United States' destiny to take over all of North America from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Most of the public was in favor of territorial expansion, though some politicians felt it contradicted the constitution. Strict constructionists were against territorial expansion, while loose constructionists felt expansion was the United States' destiny. Strict constructionists centered their platform around the fact that the constitution never directly states that the federal government has the right to acquire land. Those that view the constitution liberally, or loose constructionists, counter that stand by claiming the right of expansion falls under the government's implied powers. Loose constructionists and strict constructionists are the main divisive factor for the United States political parties: the Democrats and the Whigs. One of the supporters of Manifest Destiny was Democrat, James Polk who served as president from 1844 to 1848. Polk was strongly in favor of expanding the United States to the Pacific. This opinion won him the election of 1844. That year Henry Clay, a well known and loved figure in American politics, ran and was expected to blow, little known, Polk of the charts. The only problem was Clay was nervous about territorial expansion. He did not want with Mexico and was unsure of the constitutionality of expanding. Polk won because the majority of the public believed in Manifest Destiny. Along with influencing presidential elections, Manifest Destiny played a role in the slavery issue. Entering the mid eighteen hundred slavery was a ...

Best Things to Do in Bangkok

Best things to do in Bangkok Let’s be honest here, any of you love travelling overseas but worry about the high money expenditure? And to add salt into the wound, we’re not working, many of us are still relying on our parents’ pocket for money. However, don’t be disappointed because our country’s neighbor up north is a cheap alternative for a fun, memorable travel destination. Thailand is a land where people speak in high notes and tom yam is a word synonymous with the term, everyday food. Before, Bangkok started out as a small trading centre and a port some 200 years ago. Today, with the influx of modern technology mixed with the beauty of its illustrious past, there are a mass variety of things to do In Bangkok. Be it eating in neon lighted side restaurant, visiting dazzling temple, artfully sculpted palaces to floating market, and shopping in fancy shopping malls, each has an intriguing story to tell. If you love the distinctive flavor of coconut, chilli, lemon grass, lime and spices, eat all you can while in Bangkok. From mango rice, tom yam noodles to Thai Hakka noodles and sharks fin soup, it caters to any taste buds. Mango rice is basically glutinous rice mixed with condensed milk and sweet mango. While it may seem simple to prepare, the Thais take it to another level. Next, Thai tom yam has always been very tasty with a good balance of sourness and saltiness with a pinch of sweet taste but if you can’t take spicy things, this will not appeal to you as it is also mightily spicy. Just eating a bowl of tom yam noodles sent tears spewing from my eyes but it kept me wanting more. Bangkok is also famous for fried creepy crawlies. Cockroaches, grasshoppers, crickets and worms are fried in boiling hot oil and mixed with black pepper plus a bit of MSG for extra taste. Many find them to taste like normal snacks but I didn’t have the guts to try it. Just looking at it was scary. Now that you know food is a must try in Bangkok, let’s look into the sight-seeing part. If you’ve a taste for historic temples, Wat Arun situated at the side of the Chao Phraya River is one of the many temples present and preserved in Bangkok is one you should not miss. What sets this apart from the rest is that King Taksin found shelter in this particular temple during a fight with the Burmese army. During his reign, he later renamed it Wat Cheang which means Temple of Dawn and was one of the chief temples that enshrined rare Buddha sculptures. Taking pictures with the beautiful architecture and craftsmanship is one moment that will leave a lasting memory about Bangkok. Tip, during your short trip there, side stalls renting historic clothes of the beautiful Siam servants can be worn to spice up your time there. No visit to Bangkok would be complete without an introduction to the floating market. Everything is done on boats like selling, buying and eating. The market gets up early so must you If you want to share in this uniquely Thai experience. While it may seem like a shock to some, there is also a condom restaurant called Cabbage amp; Condoms. The name may bring a lot of controversy but this particular restaurant was actually opened by the ministry of Thailand to increase awareness about family planning and safe sex. Though this restaurant carries a good cause, the unique atmosphere and good food makes the place a must go when one visits Bangkok. Well, that’s all for interesting places to visit. And here comes my favourite part, shopping. Bangkok can also be classified as a shopping haven and it has more than enough shopping malls to suit every lifestyle. For students like you and I, places like Platinum Mall, MBK and Chatuchak Market are enough to make you literally shop till you drop. MBK is a mega mall that houses about 2,000 shops and sells things that range from clothing, accessories, bags to furniture, electronic products and stationery items. Naraya, a famous fashion line for women created in-house in Thailand has their shop open in MBK. If money isn’t a primary concern, do drop by at Naraya for a visit as you would not be disappointed. I wasn’t. Platinum Mall should appeal to many as it is a mall that has thousands of wholesalers operating inside. Like MBK, Platinum Mall sells almost everything and most importantly has clothes that is priced half as much as you see in Malaysia. Chatuchak Market is alike Platinum Mall except for the fact that it is open air. Here is a fun fact about this market that would make you go wow. Can you imagine a sum of 40 football fields is actually equal to a Chatuchak Market? That’s why finding a particular shop in the market is like finding needle in a haystack. Young businessmen always try their luck to sell their own manufactured items, Thai snacks can be found abundant and special shaved coconut drink with coconut ice-cream are sold in Chatuchak Market. Trust me, it is mouth-watering. As shopping takes up a lot of leg strength, one can unwind through Thai massages. Bangkok’s spas are your inner-city gateways to seventh heaven. But before you go finding one, be sure to find reputable and pay a little extra because you don’t know what happens behind the scenes. Quality filled spas offer serene atmospheres and highly trained masseuse that will definitely take the tiredness away from you. If you’re on a budget and would like to travel, I highly recommend Bangkok. Especially if you’re game for an adventure, Bangkok offers an exotic culture with the hustle and bustle of the city and it is definitely one city that offers countless amounts of activities. Just listening to the guide will not justify the fun these activities bring when experienced in real life. As quoted by Isadora Duncan, â€Å"What one has not experienced, one will not understand in print. †, so experience all these first hand as you won’t regret. Kap pun kahp.

Overview of The Republican Theory Research Paper

Overview of The Republican Theory - Research Paper Example The Republican idea of freedom encompasses negative liberty, which in essence, roughly encompasses no interference by other individuals or even at least any interference that may be deemed to have been negligent, sufficiently intentional, indifferent or reckless to count as culpable or blameworthy. The notion of a republican liberty can thus be seen to be negative as is the case with the standard liberal idea. The way republicans perceive freedom has roots which can be traced back to the day of the Roman republic. According to the Romans, the simple fact of one not suffering any interference did not warrant to be considered as liberty, they argued that one could in effect be a slave without any master whatsoever, but still be viewed as not being free. According to the Romans, being free was to be of equal or even full party to the Roman law, a free person was an individual who happened to be protected in the same respect as all other persons by the Roman law and in effect was considered to be wholly incorporated as a citizen into the Roman body politic (Braithwaite & Pettit, 2002). Under the republican theory, a person could be considered to fully enjoy negative liberty if the person happens to be exempted from all the constraints that may happen to be imposed by the blameworthy or intentional actions of others in choosing specific given options. These options may include things such as hobbies which he is able to perform with his own intelligence and strength, in effect, these options are those things that the person is capable of doing without any benefit from any unique circumstances or from any of his colleagues. An individual may be said to enjoy full dominion if the person happens to enjoy the same prospects of liberty as all the other citizens, if it is common knowledge to all that the person enjoys this

Relationship between christianity, judaism, and islam Research Paper

Relationship between christianity, judaism, and islam - Research Paper Example This word, historically and textually, is considered ambivalent since it can be interpreted as a simple struggle with one’s ego and it could also be interpreted as an act of physical violence against the infidels. Muslims were always accused of waging war against the non-believers. They were not the only ones that have waged wars in the name of religion because even Jews and Christians did.2 Dr. M. Amir Ali argued in this respect that â€Å"jihad is usually associated with Islam and Muslims, but in fact the concept of Jihad is found in all religions including Christianity, Judaism and political/economic ideologies†¦Islam defines Jihad as striving and struggling for improvement as well as fighting back to defend one’s self, assets and homeland.†3 Oddly, in the Christian tradition, Jesus is relegated to the level of God and he is viewed as the savior of all humankind. However, in Islam he is seen as a Prophet who was entrusted to fulfill God’s mission on earth. Very often, such difference in creeds lead to religious conflicts as every religion strives its best and utmost to impose its creeds amidst people. This is why it is recommended that a spirit of respect and tolerance should be developed in order to help these Abrahamic faiths co-exist. Theologian and religious scholars have therefore to consecrate all the efforts in order to reconsider the wrong meaning of Jihad and correct some falsehoods that are relevant to some versions of the

Comparative: Equality 7-2521 versus Z :: essays research papers

Ego, a common word used in most people?s lives, unfortunately its not as common or even nonexistent in the lives of Equality 7-2521 and Z. They live their lives a bit different than most people. They live as a collective. Yes, a collective, they live in societies that don?t believe in individualism. Without individualism there are no ideas or opinions and without them its very hard for a society to function. Z , an ant who lives to help his colony, risked his life for the women he loved. Equality 7-2521, a determined man who broke countless laws to save the pride of his life, his light. Although Equality 7-2521 and Z have many similarities they have very different lives. Individualism, which is a big difference between Z and equality 7-2521. Z has a name that can distinguish him from other people. Were as Equality 7-2521 does have a very descriptive name. Another difference is Z is aloud to have opinions on issues. Conversely Equality 7-2521 has no opinions he is not even aloud to have them. Even though Equality 7-2521 and Z are different, in many ways they have very similar characteristics such as: the desire to be different without being an outcast because they are smarter or stronger. No matter how hard Equality 7-2521 and Z tried they always managed to

We Are Blessed to Have Trees & Plants

This poem is written by Ruskin Bond. In this poem the poet shares the thoughts of his grandmother who was of the opinion that the house that has trees around is blessed. For this purpose the poet planted a tree which is six months old and is growing fast. He believes that in six years time the tree would grow and give shade so that his house will also be blessed. I think the world and its inhabitants are blessed to have trees and plants. Trees are important, valuable and necessary to our very existence. It's not too hard to believe that, without trees we humans would not exist on this beautiful planet. In fact, some claim can be made that our mother's and father's ancestors climbed trees – another debate for another site. Still, trees are essential to life as we know it and are the ground troops on an environmental frontline. Our existing forest and the trees we plant work in tandem to make a better world. Below are the reasons why trees are important for us. Trees Produce Oxygen Let's face it; we could not exist as we do if there were no trees. A mature leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale in a year. What many people don't realize is the forest also acts as a giant filter that cleans the air we breathe. Trees Clean the Soil The term phytoremediation is a fancy word for the absorption of dangerous chemicals and other pollutants that have entered the soil. Trees can either store harmful pollutants or actually change the pollutant into less harmful forms. Trees filter sewage and farm chemicals, reduce the effects of animal wastes, clean roadside spills and clean water runoff into streams. Trees Control Noise Pollution Trees muffle urban noise almost as effectively as stone walls. Trees, planted at strategic points in a neighborhood or around your house, can abate major noises from freeways and airports. Trees Slow Storm Water Runoff Flash flooding can be dramatically reduced by a forest or by planting trees. One Colorado blue spruce, either planted or growing wild, can intercept more than 1000 gallons of water annually when fully grown. Underground water-holding aquifers are recharged with this slowing down of water runoff. Trees Are Carbon Sinks To produce its food, a tree absorbs and locks away carbon dioxide in the wood, roots and leaves. Carbon dioxide is a global warming suspect. A forest is a carbon storage area or a â€Å"sink† that can lock up as much carbon as it produces. This locking-up process â€Å"stores† carbon as wood and not as an available â€Å"greenhouse† gas. Trees Clean the Air Trees help cleanse the air by intercepting airborne particles, reducing heat, and absorbing such pollutants as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. Trees remove this air pollution by lowering air temperature, through respiration, and by retaining particulates. Trees Shade and Cool Shade resulting in cooling is what a tree is best known for. Shade from trees reduces the need for air conditioning in summer. In winter, trees break the force of winter winds, lowering heating costs. Studies have shown that parts of cities without cooling shade from trees can literally be â€Å"heat islands† with temperatures as much as 12 degrees Fahrenheit higher than surrounding areas. Trees Act as Windbreaks During windy and cold seasons, trees located on the windward side act as windbreaks. A windbreak can lower home heating bills up to 30% and have a significant effect on reducing snow drifts. A reduction in wind can also reduce the drying effect on soil and vegetation behind the windbreak and help keep precious topsoil in place. Trees Fight Soil Erosion Erosion control has always started with tree and grass planting projects. Tree roots bind the soil and their leaves break the force of wind and rain on soil. Trees fight soil erosion, conserve rainwater and reduce water runoff and sediment deposit after storms.

Term Paper on Earth Science and Society

The paths of water through the hydrologic cycle One of the most fundamental principles in hydrology and ecology is the hydrologic cycle. This cycle represents the process of water circulations from the oceans, atmosphere, land and back to the ocean.   The energy driving the cycle is from the solar/sun and forces of gravity. The process is continuous, and is a global wide process ensuring that every water drop on earth is part of the system (Harper et al n.d). At the beginning of the process, water from the seas, lakes, wetlands, rivers gain energy from the sun and get transferred to the atmosphere as vapor. The sun provides the energy to transfer water from oceans, lakes, rivers, wetlands, bare soil, vegetation, and vegetation to the atmosphere as a water vapor in a process called evaporation. Initially in plants, soil water rises through living plants to the atmosphere is called transpiration. The simultaneous occurrences of the two processed is called as evapo-transpiration. As the density of water in the atmospheres increases and due to force of gravity, the water fall on the earth service in the form of precipitation or rains. Some of the rainfall is intercepted by the vegetation cover. In the process, intercepted rainfall drip to the soil and some of the water evaporates back to the atmosphere again. The rain water that reaches the ground is the net rainfall. On the earth surface, portion of the water enters the soils profiles in a process called infiltration. The water that that is not infiltrated flows on the land depending on the topography and gravity. In the process of flowing, some of the water also continues to be infiltrated into the soil profiles. The flowing water gets to the river and eventually to the lake and the seas where the process starts all over again (Harper et al n.d).   An   example of a specific food chain Like in any other typical food chain, the main source of energy in is the sun which enables the grass manufacture its on food through the process of photosynthesis. The grass therefore becomes the producer since; it is this energy that will flow through the food chain. The grasshoppers which feed on the grass are eaten by snakes which are the secondary consumers. Hawks feed on snakes which in this chain is the tertiary consumer. All the animals in the chain get decomposed by fungi and all the energy in the nutrients is returns back to the soil for the plants (Tarbuck et al. 2008). Characteristics of food chains Various analyses into various food chains have shown a decrease in the number, energy and biomass occupying each tropic level in the food chain. This results in the ecological pyramid.   There are three ecological pyramids, namely pyramid of numbers, of energy and of biomass. In a typical food chain, members in each successive highly tropical level are fewer in numbers. Likewise, the pyramid of energy depicts reduced amount of energy and matter transferred through food to the successive higher tropical levels. This implies that there is larger amount of energy in the form of food at the level of producers than at the primary consumers. Similarly, at the tertiary consumer level, or secondary carnivores is produces the leas a mount of energy. The pyramid of biomass in the same way indicates that ‘the total weight of dry matter’ in the food chain decreases as you approach the tertiary consumers or higher tropic levels (Tarbuck et al. 2008). Differences between geographer’s and   biologist’s approach to the study of organisms In study of organisms in the ecosystems, geographer’s approach is different from biologist’s. In the study of the organisms’ distributions, geographers investigate spatial patterns and dynamics all the interrelationships between the species and the environment.   While the geography is concerned with the natural non living environmental, the biologist in concerned with organisms and those features that adapt them to the environment and all elements that support life in the particular habitats (CCER, 1997). Biomes and zoogeographic regions A biome is geographical sections of the earth often called ecosystems, defined by similar climatic conditions as depicted by similarity in patterns of communities of animals, plants and types of souls in them. They are composed of biotic and abiotic factors. Such factors as plant structures e.g. species of trees, shrubs, and grasses; leaf sizes and shapes; plant spacing (forest, woodland, savanna), and climate define the boundaries of the biomes. A zoogeography is region is any of the six geographical divisions of the world selected for ecological researches and studies about the distribution of non-aquatic animals. The region are also called faunal regions which consists of the Nearctic (North America), the Palearctic, the Neotropical (South America), the Afrotropical (formerly Ethiopean) (Africa south of the Sahara), the Oriental (Asia south of the Himalayas) and the Australasian (Australia, New Zealand and nearby islands). These regions were demarcated for studies only and not naturally defined like the biomes. Compare/contrast the floral characteristics Desert and Tundra biomes While the deserts are naturally hot, the tundra is usually cold. While the deserts are located around the equator, tundra is located near the poles. Both deserts and tundra experience short and minimal rainfalls of as little as 10 inches or less per year. In both livings are able to adapt accordingly, though in the deserts they adapt to hot weather conditions while in the tundra organism adapt to cold weather. In since both tundra and deserts each covers around 20% of the earth’s surface (Tarbuck et al. 2008). The difference in soil development in adjoining soils developed on forested, sloped area versus a grassed flat area Geographical studies have confirmed that there exists strong relationship between topography of a place the process of soil formation. For examples, areas with dry grassland depressions are normally covered by vegetation because of the water richness in soil contents thus resulting in different soil types in depression than other adjacent areas. The topography of a given place determines the amount of rate and amount of water absorbed into the soil and angle at which the sun rays strikes the surface. Subsequently, the soil temperature and moisture is eventually affects the process soil formations.   The angles of elevation or otherwise gradient of topography, affect the vegetation and the soil type and structure. For example in the British Colombia, on the sloppy mountainous regions, the climates gets warmer and less wet as the elevation decreased from the lower altitude of the mountains. Theoretically, slope affects: The extent of water infiltration into the soil: the magnitude of soil erosion, and Vegetation distribution. What are the soil-forming factors? Apart from topography, there are other factors that affect the process of soil formation which include the following: Parent material: these are unconsolidated material or the type of stratum rocks in which soil development begins at the core of the earth. Climate: average long time whether condition such as rainfall and temperatures Biota: the composition of living biotic factors such as vegetation, human activities microbes, soil animals etc. Topography: the element of elevation or slope or tilting. Time: the age of the parent materials in the process of soil formation The interaction of these factors explains the differences in soil profile, type or structure within and between regions. Explain the importance of the nature of the parent material to soil formation and type. The nature of the parent materials largely affects both texture and the mineral compositions of the soil. Continental drift and Wegener’s tectonic theory of Pangaea breaking up since the time of 5 separate continents 450 million years ago. The shapes of the continents and geological studies provide sufficient evidence that the earth’s surface was initially one piece of land mass. Initially there was one large land mass which geologists have give n the name Pangaea. Geologists argue that mechanical and chemical processes of volcanoes and earth quakes in the earth’s stratum caused weakening of the land mass which eventually led to breaking into smaller pieces of land masses. The continued process further caused the drifting further and separation to the extent of today’s positioning of the continents. The drift theory allude that the movement of the land masses is only to an extent of 200Km (Van, 1994). Contrastingly, Wegener’s recent tectonic theory claims that the ach of the continent have moved for up to at least 7000km since the breakup of the Pangaea. While the theory does not provide evidence of motions, satellite measurements confirm the specific continental and regional crustal strains and stresses and the direction of movements. The two theories therefore have common foundation and A ‘compelling’ piece of proof initially the earths land masses were once united as Pangaea and that they can be fitted together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle (The Bible According to Einstein, 2004). The Pleistocene and an interglacial stages Geologic time has been somewhat difficult and complicated to describe using animal sciences even despite the availability of fossils records. Pleistocene scientifically describes a period 1.9 million to 10,000 years ago usually characterized recognizable changes in animal fossils. The fossils indicate extinctions or enormous environmental changes since then. Scientists believe that we are in the glacial stage and that this Pleistocene period is over since there has never been significant change in the species or evolution after the 10000 years ago. All though it is not easy to sum up the actual events from each region, scientists agree that the beginning of the Pleistocene era began with an overall global cooling and the entire process is entire over. First proposed in 1839 by British geologist Charles Lyell, the Pleistocene studies explains the sequence or many of layers of rocks (Dickins et al, 1992). Later, other geologists’ researches and studies in Europe and other continents revealed that glaciations had occurred at about the same time. Some evidence of deposited strata was found in Italy. Eventually, further researchers and analysis compiled together all the evidence which confirmed that the Pleistocene was a period of great global cooling. In the period, vast glaciers and ice sheets formed at the North and South Poles and at other all high altitudes on the planet (Van, 1994). References Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources (CCER)., (1997). Rediscovering Geography: New Relevance for Science and Society. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Dickins J.M., Choi D.R., Yeates A.N., (1992). Past distribution of oceans and continents, in: pp. 193-199. Harper J., Tate K., George M., (n.d). Basic Concepts: Hydrology, the Hydrologic Cycle, Watershed, Watershed Management, and Watershed Water Balance. Accessed on Univ. Press, p. 170. Tarbuck E J., Lutgens F. K., Tasa D., (2008). Earth Science, London, UK: Prentice Hall The Bible According to Einstein: The sixth book of the Cenozoic, called The Pleistocene And a   Ã‚   deep cold descended on the Earth 2004. Jupiter Scientific.   Pp598-608. Accessed on December 24, 2010 at: http://jupiterscientific.org/science/baeparts/pleistocene.html